See Pericarditis - Treatment for more information. You have the right to withdraw from a study at any time, for any reason. Also, the CT scan often provides information that can be quite useful in planning surgical treatment. Pericarditis is a condition in which the membrane, or sac, around your heart is inflamed. Constrictive pericarditis can result from almost any disease or disorder that can cause inflammation in the pericardium. Constrictive pericarditis is the final stage of a chronic inflammatory process characterized by fibrous thickening and calcification of the pericardium that impairs diastolic filling, reduces cardiac output, and ultimately leads to heart failure. Treatment may include medicines and, less often, procedures or surgery. Description Pericarditis is fairly common. Clinical trials test new ways to prevent, diagnose, or treat various diseases and conditions. The pericardial sac—or pericardium—is the fibrous, elastic, fluid-filled sac that encloses and protects the heart. Some cases respond well to medication, while others may require surgery to treat. Both acute and chronic pericarditis can disrupt your heart's normal rhythm and/or function and possibly (although rarely) lead to death. However, men aged 20 to 50 are more likely to get it than others. The treatment of acute pericarditis depends on the cause. Echocardiography often gives several important clues to the presence of constrictive pericarditis and is often the first test that is done to screen for this condition. You also will have the support of a team of health care providers, who will likely monitor your health closely. It's usually acute, or short-term, and treatable. Medical conditions: Heart attack: A heart attack can damage the heart muscle and cause pericarditis. 1 Public domain image(s) and/or selected text provided courtesy of The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/index.htm, part of the  National Institutes of Health and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Some problems can be life threatening. The development of PPS could be considered as a major facilitating event in the early … Primary care doctors-such as a family doctor, internist, or pediatrician-often diagnose and treat pericarditis. Chronic constrictive pericarditis is a rare disease that develops over time. But other cases, if not treated, can lead to chronic pericarditis and serious problems that affect your heart. Most typically, by the time the diagnosis is made, surgical treatment is the only remaining viable option. Other types of doctors also may be involved, such as a cardiologist, pediatric cardiologist, and an infectious disease specialist. Gateway Medical Building1825 Fourth St., 5th FloorSan Francisco, CA 94158Phone: (415) 476-3501Fax: (415) 476-9678, Gateway Medical Building1825 Fourth St., 5th FloorSan Francisco, CA 94158, 400 Parnassus Ave., 5th FloorSan Francisco, CA 94143(415) 353-1606 Phone(415) 353-1312 Fax. Between the two layers is a small amount of fluid. If left untreated, they may lead to death. The sac is made of two thin layers of tissue that enclose your heart. In many cases of pericarditis, the cause is unknown. Bacterial, fungal, and other infections also can cause pericarditis. Protects the heart by reducing external friction and providing a barrier to extension of infection and malignancy. Helps cardiac efficiency by limiting dilatation, aids atrial filling, etc. Pericardiectomy for Constrictive Pericarditis: 20 Years of Experience at the Montreal Heart Institute. Viral infections are likely a common cause of pericarditis, although the virus may never be found. It affects approximately one in 1,000 people. A research carried out among 20 people, especially older adults, has concluded that they have some degrees of fluid build-up in their pericardium. This fluid retention often causes edema in the legs and abdomen. Pericardiectomy is very often a difficult and challenging procedure. This is the case partly because the diseased pericardial sac is often adherent to the cardiac muscle, making the procedure technically very difficult. Clinical Assessment . Richard N. Fogoros, MD, is a retired professor of medicine and board-certified in internal medicine, clinical cardiology, and clinical electrophysiology. Idiopathic pericarditis. Lying down and deep breathing worsens it. Chronic pericarditis may last several months.
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